Malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland include adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and malignant. A lacrimal gland tumor is a tumor in one of the glands that produces tears. Approximately 50% of lacrimal gland masses are inflammatory lesions, 25% are lymphoid lesions or lymphoma, and the other 25% are salivary gland type tumors. Lacrimal duct disorders often cause epiphora tears flow over lid margin onto cheek, induration, inflammation of lower eyelid tumors tend to displace eye downward. Orbital tumors originate primarily from vascular, muscle, cartilage, neural tissues, lacrimal glands and lymphoid structures. Lacrimal gland tumors are considered one of the challenging types of tumor which are difficult to study because of their rare incidence as they represent almost only. Epithelial lesions of the lacrimal gland tend to be round tumors which push on the globe, like a marble or a ball fig. The purpose of this study was to present the imaging features of primary and secondary malignant lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct tumors and their pattern of tumor spread in 18 patients. Primary malignant neoplasms of the lacrimal gland british journal. Tumors arising from the lacrimal gland will present in the superotemporal orbit. The acini composed of large serous cells which, produce a watery serous secretion, serous cells are filled with lightly stained secretory granules and surrounded by welldeveloped myoepithelial cells and a sparse, vascular stroma. Epithelial tumours of the lacrimal gland represent a large spectrum of lesions with. Adenoid cystic carcinoma acc of the lacrimal glands is an extraconal malignancy usually originating from the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland.
While 915% of orbital tumors arise in lacrimal gland, inflammatory or infiltrative diseases such as sarcoidosis, wegeners granulomatosis, igg4 disease, or other nonspecific dacryoadenitis comprise twothirds of lacrimal gland masses and can present with signs and symptoms similar to tumors. This website is intended for pathologists and laboratory personnel, who understand that medical information is imperfect and must be interpreted using reasonable medical judgment. Pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland pdf paperity. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. Lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma responding to checkpoint. An overview find, read and cite all the research you need. Orbital tumors originate primarily from vascular, muscle, cartilage, neural tissues, lacrimal glands and. Pdf an update on tumors of the lacrimal gland researchgate. Examination of the interface between the tumor and the globe will assist in differential diagnosis. Besides her2 expression not much is known regarding primary drivers in salivary and lacrimal tumors. Androgen expression has been noted in adenocarcinomas. Erosion of the orbital plate frontal bone by a benign. Adenoid cystic carcinoma adcc is the most common epithelial orbital cancer, accounting for approximately 60% of malignant lacrimal gland tumors.
Orbital nerve sheath tumors presenting in the lacrimal fossa region are. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the lacrimal gland, but it accounts for less than 4% of all lacrimal gland lesions. The most common epithelial malignancy is primary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Feb 03, 2020 the lacrimal gland is a bilobed eccrine secretory gland, which is situated in the superotemporal orbit. Lacrimal gland tumors are considered one of the challenging types of tumor which are difficult to study because of their rare incidence as they represent almost only 10% of the space occupying orbital lesions. We included 26 cases of epithelial lacrimal gland tumors from 24 patients. Tumors of the lacrimal gland account for 10% of all spaceoccupying tumors of the orbit 1. This website is intended for pathologists and laboratory personnel, who understand that medical information is imperfect. Lacrimal gland lesions represent 5% to 25% of orbital tumors, and the proportion in the literature that are epithelial range from 23% to 70% of biopsied cases. Carcinoma of the lacrimal gland is a rare malignancy with an estimated incidence of less than one case per million per year with no standard guidelines on. Contrary to previous belief, careful biopsy of the lacrimal gland prior to excision does not appear to increase the risk of recurrence in cases with suspected pleomorphic adenoma. The purpose of this study was to present the imaging features of primary and secondary malignant lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct tumors and their pattern. White, md, published an update of this classification, and adjusted the size of the lacrimal gland to the tnm classification of the salivary tumors.
Most tumors are associated with the lids or the third eyelid. Whether immunotherapy would be beneficial in these tumors by evaluating tml, pdl1 and. Patients with malignant lacrimal gland tumours typically have. In 1992, seer published the second edition, in which the most significant change from the first edition was that primary site codes were updated to the world health organizations international. Histopathologic examination revealed pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland. Lowdose radiation 4 gy in two 2gy fractions appears to be effective and well tolerated in indolent nonhodgkin lymphoma of the ocular adnexa with high local control rate.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal glands radiology. May 31, 2016 adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland. Objectiveto analyze 120 lacrimal gland masses collected during a 23year period in the ophthalmic pathology laboratory at the cullen eye institute, houston. According to a clinical series from the wills eye hospital, lacrimal gland tumors represent almost 10% of the space occupying orbital lesions, with. Pdf on jun 29, 2018, maya hada and others published lacrimal gland tumors. If you see a test question about a tumor of the lacrimal gland, it is going to be one of those three conditions probably. Lacrimal gland masses can be classified into two broad groups inflammatory 50% and neoplastic, either lymphoma 25% or salivary gland type tumors 25%. Lacrimal gland tumor an overview sciencedirect topics. In any case, there are 3 major tumors that affect the lacrimal gland. Lacrimal gland tumors as a whole account for only a small percentage of patients presenting with proptosis.
The lacrimal gland is a compound tubuloacinar gland, it is made up of many lobules separated by connective tissue, each lobule contains many acini. Five percent of all intraorbital masses originate from the lacrimal gland. Malignant lacrimal gland tumors have recurrence rates of 52% to 63% and a metastasis rate of 26% to 50%. Font and others published tumors of the lacrimal gland find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Lacrimal gland tumor capt ayinun nahar trainee in ophthalmology cmh,dhaka 2. Overview of benign and malignant lacrimal gland tumors. The most common epithelial tumor is a benign pleomorphic adenoma, accounting for half of all epithelial tumors. When lacrimal gland cells change and grow uncontrollably, they form a mass called a tumor. Often times a biopsy is need to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Tumors of the lacrimal gland constitute less than 5% of all biopsied orbital lesions 3, 4. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland new york eye. Orbital adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland origin in a dog. Apr 05, 20 because the lacrimal and salivary glands share similar characteristics, the american joint committee on cancer classification ajcc has aligned the classification with those of the salivary gland. Lacrimal gland tumors lgts are uncommon with an estimated incidence of jun 18, 2019 abstract.
In 1518 patients, tumor involved both the lacrimal sac and duct at the time of diagnosis. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and. Lacrimal gland tumors can be harmless or cancerous. In one study by lloyd,1 only 8 out of 212 cases of proptosis were caused by lacrimal. Diffuse large b cell lymphoma dlbcl is the most common histologic subtype of nonhodgkin lymphoma nhl accounting for 25% of nhl cases with an incidence of 7 cases. Among the epithelial lesions, 55% are benign and 45% are malignant 1. Most are epithelial in origin, with 50% benign and 50% malignant. Lacrimal gland tumors are rare and constitute a wide spectrum of different entities ranging from benign epithelial and lymphoid lesions to highgrade carcinomas, lymphomas, and sarcomas with large. Sep 11, 2017 tumors of the lacrimal gland constitute less than 5% of all biopsied orbital lesions 3, 4. At least 2 cases of adenoma7,8 and 3 cases of adenocarcinoma have been reported.
The most common tumor histology in our series was squamous cell carcinoma. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common malignant lacrimal gland tumor, comprising 50% of malignant tumors of lacrimal gland and 25% of all lacrimal gland tumors. Ar and its mrna have been located in human lacrimal gland acinar cell nuclei and lacrimal gland. The term benign mixed tumor came from an earlier hypothesis, which. Malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland include adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and malignant lymphomas. The 2 lobes of the lacrimal gland, the orbital lobe and the much smaller palpebral lobe, are separated anatomically by the lateral horn of the levator aponeurosis. With a yearly incidence of one in one million, they represent only 10% of orbital spaceoccupying lesions. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread. Feb 03, 2020 malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland include adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and malignant lymphomas. These tumours probably arise in young adults, and gradually enlarge, expanding the.
Lacrimal gland tumours are rare, but the patients are relatively young and the prognosis may be grave. Lacrimal gland tumours are rare, but the patients are relatively young and. The lacrimal gland is located under the outer part of each eyebrow. Benign epithelial tumors include lacrimal ductal cyst dacryops and pleomorphic adenoma pa. Imaging features of malignant lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal. Malignant epithelial tumors of the lacrimal gland account for 2% of all orbital eye socket tumors. Abstract tumours of the lacrimal gland are rare, but the prognosis may be grave. Rarely, vascular tumors, such as cavernous or epithelioid hemangioma, hemangioendothelioma, or hemangiopericytoma arise in the lacrimal fossa.
Histologically, they are broadly characterized as epithelial and nonepithelial. Lacrimal gland lesions generally present as palpable masses in the superolateral aspects of the orbits. Lacrimal gland tumors are rare and constitute a wide spectrum of different entities ranging from benign epithelial and lymphoid lesions to highgrade carcinomas, lymphomas, and sarcomas. Codes and coding instructions eod88 since it was first published. The age of presentation of lacrimal gland tumors depends on the specific subtype of tumor, but overall these tumors can occur at any age. The most common benign neoplasm of the lacrimal gland is the pleomorphic adenoma. Adenoid cystic carcinoma adcc is the most common epithelial orbital cancer, accounting for. Pdf lacrimal gland tumors are rare and constitute a wide spectrum of different entities ranging from benign epithelial and lymphoid lesions to. Intoduction lacrimal gland tumors are rare, representing only 518% of orbital spaceoccupying lesions they have an estimated incidence of 1 per 1 million people per year they are more prevalent in elderly. The radiological spectrum of orbital pathologies that involve the lacrimal gland and the lacrimal fossa. Lacrimal gland tumors lgt are well known neoplasm affecting both the nictitating membrane and the main lacrimal glands in dogs, however extensive histological and. With rare exceptions, benign tumours of the lacrimal gland are pleomorphic adenomas. Clinical presentation it often presents with orbital pain and paresthesia, since this type of tum. Lacrimal gland tumors lgts are uncommon with an estimated incidence of duct.
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